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For a review of the debate in Islamic political thought on the “Islamicness” of multi-lateralism within the Islamic world

 Mohammad El-Sayed Selim, Al-Ialakat Byan Al-Dowal Al-Islami’ya, (Relations among Islamic States), (Riyadh: King Saud University Press, 1991), pp. 117-155.

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Mohammad El-Sayed Selim, “ Regional systems in transition: The cases of the Middle Eastern and African systems in comparative perspective” The Middle East and African Studies Journal, (Seoul), 1993, pp. `18-48.

Birthe Hansen, Unipolarity and the Middle East, (Richmond, Britain, Curzon, 2000).

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Mohammad El-Sayed Selim, Egyptian Approaches to Neo-regionalism and their Asian Implications, (Cairo: Center for Asian Studies of Cairo University, Asian Monographs series no 21, August 1998), pp. 1-3.

Ross Garnaut, Open Regionalism and Trade Liberalization, (Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 1996), p. 16.

And for a comprehensive review of the origins and definitions of neo-regionalism, Mohammad Farahat, Neo-regionalism and its Applications: A Study of the cases of the APEC and the IORC, (MA dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Economics and Political Science, Cairo University, 2001), pp.53-107.

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Islamic states are defined in this paper as the member states of the OIC (56 states). These are the states which chose to define themselves as “Islamic” by virtue of their compliance with article 5 of the Charter of the OIC which reiterates that only “Islamic states” could become members. The constitutions of some of these states (such as Turkey) assert that the state is a secular one. In other cases, Muslims are a limited minority (such as Uganda), and the head of the state is non-Islamic (such as Lebanon). However, all of them subscribe to the assertion of article five of the Charter.

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For a review of the origins and structures of the OIC

Mohammad Selim, ed., The Organization of the Islamic Conference in a Changing World, (Cairo: Center for Political research and Studies of Cairo University, 1994).

Noor Ahmad Baba, Organization of Islamic Conference: Theory and Practice of Pan-Islamic Cooperation, (New Delhi: Sterling Publishers Private Ltd., 1994).

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Abdel-Monem Al-Mashat, “The Organization of the Islamic conference and the Post Cold War era,” in Mohammad Selim, ed., Ibid, pp. 147-183.

Eshagh Alehabib, “The role of Islamic Conference in combating terrorism,” The Iranian Journal of International Affairs, winter 1999-2000, pp. 524-540.

Kabir Hassan,” The economic performance of the OIC countries in the nineties and policy options,” Bangladesh Institute of International and Strategic Studies Journal (Dhaka), 21 (3), July 2000, pp. 251-284.

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Interview with Ata Al-Rahman, the Minster of Science and Technology in Pakistan, Al-Hayat, and 9 April 2001.

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Al-Ahram, (Cairo), 3 April 2001.

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Mohammad El-Sayed Selim, “ The Organization of Islamic Conference; towards a new agenda,” in Ghulam Sarwar, ed., The OIC: Contemporary issues of the Muslim World, (Islamabad, FRIEDS, 1997) pp. 27-64

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Nevine Mus’ad, “ The Islamic Group of Eight,” in Sama’an Farajallah, ed., Mostakbal Al-Tartibat Al-Iklimiya fi Mantikat Al-Shark Al-Awsat wa Ta’thiratiha ala Al-Watan al-Arabi, (The Future of Regional Arrangements in the Middle East and its Impacts on the Arab World), (Cairo: Institute for Arab Research and Studies, 1998), pp. 373-401.

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“The Group of Islamic-8” Shu’un Khalijiya, (Cairo), Spring 2001, pp. 189-194.

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The World Populist Islamic Command, Watha’iq WA Adabiyat, (Al-Qiyada Al-Sha’abiya Al-Islamiya Al-Alamiya, Documents and Literature), (Cairo: The Arab International Center, 1991).

Al-Mo’otamar Al-Thalith li Al-Qiyada Al-Sha’biya Al-Islamiya al-Alamiya, Chad, (Tripoli, the Command, 2000).

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For a review of the activities of the IORC: Fasahat Syed, ed., The Indian Ocean Rim Community, (Islamabad: FRIENDS, 1999).

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For a review of the activities of the APEC: Chia Siow Yue, ed. APEC: Challenges and Opportunities, (Singapore: Institute of South East Asian Studies, 1994).

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For a review of proposals to reform the UN articulated by some Islamic countries.

Hasan Na’afa, Islah Al-Omam Al-Motthida (United Nations Reform), (Cairo: Center for Political Research and Studies of Cairo University, 1995).

Also for an “Islamic” view of the relation between the UN and the Islamic world:

 Ali Mazrui, “ The United Nations and the Muslim world: Allies or adversaries?” in Tareq Ismael, ed., The International Relations of the Middle East in the 21st Century: Continuity and Change, (Aldershot, England: Ashgate Publishing Co., 2000), 361-379.

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Ramzi Zaki, “ Globalization and the effects on the foreign trade of the developing countries: Time to change attitudes,” in Karima Korayyem et al., Globalization and the South: Economic and Social Implications, (Cairo: Center for Developing Countries Studies, Cairo University, 2000), pp. 83-127.