If
anyone wants to offer a sacrifice and the month of Dhul-Hijjah has
begun, either because the new moon has been sighted or because
thirty days of Dhul-Qi`dah have passed, then it is haram
(unlawful) for him to remove anything of his hair or nails or skin
until he has slaughtered the sacrifice, because of the hadith of
Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her), according to which
the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “When you
see the new moon of Dhul-Hijjah – according to another
version, When the ten days (of Dhul-Hijjah) begin – and any
one of you wants to offer a sacrifice, let him refrain (from
cutting) his hair and nails” (Reported by Ahmad and Muslim).
According to another version, “…let him not remove anything
from his hair and nails until he has offered the sacrifice.”
And according to yet another version, “…he should not touch
his hair or skin.”
If
he forms the intention to offer the sacrifice during the first ten
days of Dhul-Hijjah, then he should refrain from that from the
moment he forms that intention, and there is no sin on him for
anything he may have done before forming the intention.
The
reason for this prohibition is that when the person who wants to
offer the sacrifice joins the pilgrims in some of the rituals of
Hajj— namely drawing closer to Allah by slaughtering the
sacrifice—he also joins him in some of the features of ihram,
namely refraining from cutting his hair, etc.
This
ruling applies only to the one who is going to slaughter the
sacrifice. It does not apply to the one on whose behalf a
sacrifice is offered, because the Prophet (peace and blessings be
upon him) said, “If any one of you wants to offer a
sacrifice…” He did not say, “… is going to have a
sacrifice offered on his behalf.” And the Prophet (peace and
blessings be upon him) used to offer the sacrifice on behalf of
the members of his household, and it is not narrated that he told
them to refrain from that (cutting their hair and nails, etc).
Based
on this, it is permissible for the family of the person who is
going to offer the sacrifice to remove their hair, nails, and skin
during the first ten days of Dhul-Hijjah.
If
the person who wants to offer the sacrifice does remove anything
from his hair, nails, or skin, then he has to repent to Allah and
not do it again, but he does not have to offer any expiation, and
that does not prevent him from offering the sacrifice as some of
the common people think. If he does any of those things out of
forgetfulness or ignorance, or some hair falls unintentionally,
then there is no sin on him. If he needs to remove it then he may
do so, and there is no blame on him, such as if a nail breaks and
it annoys him, so he cuts it, or if a hair gets in his eye and he
removes it, or he needs to cut his hair in order to treat a wound
and the like."
