A
graduate of the American University of Beirut, Fakhry obtained her bachelor's degree in 1990. An engineer by profession, she
worked for Hizbullah's Center for Studies and Documentation after her graduation. No one in Fakhry's family was a member of
Hizbullah back then; it was her own decision to join the movement. After four years, she started working actively in the women's
organizations affiliated to Hizbullah. Today, she is the only woman member of Hizbullah's Political Council.
When
I asked her about the role of women in the movement, Fakhry explained, "Women play an equal role to men and they perform
the same tasks except for those directly related to armed resistance. … They participate in all fields — education, health,
media, literacy campaigns, et cetera."
Fakhry
explained that her appointment was a start for the appointment of more women to leadership positions. "There are no
religious or ideological barriers to women holding leadership positions. It is totally acceptable."
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"Women play an equal role to men and they perform the same tasks except for those directly related to armed resistance." |
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"The
members of the political council are elected. There are organizational levels within the movement and the lower levels choose
the upper ones. So, it is all about qualifications and elections," she explained.
She
talked about the social services Hizbullah offers to the people whether they are members or not. Those services include charity
work, awareness campaigns, and health care services.
When
I asked her about the status of women in the
movement and how the media portrayed it, Fakhry said, "Women play a very influential role in Hizbullah's various
activities. Since the 1990s, there has been a severe attack on Hizbullah from the media. The Western media portrays Muslim women
in general in a negative way. But we try to prove that the opposite is true."
What
about the international pressure on Hizbullah? Fakhry argued that Hizbullah has been under pressure since it proved its
effectiveness and its ability to stand up to Israeli aggression.
"The
United States has been trying to destroy Hizbullah for a long time. But, the liberation of south Lebanon came as a shock for all
those who underestimated our power," she said.
In
May 2000, the Israeli Defense Army (IDF) and its proxy force, the South Lebanon Army (SLA), withdrew within a few hours, leaving
behind their notorious prisons and torture centers. The Ansar prison alone is reported to have detained half of south Lebanon's
male population at one time or another. With the help of the SLA, Israel shelled southern villages, imposed curfews, sealed off
many villages, and disconnected the water and electricity supplies.
Israel's
sudden withdrawal from its self-styled "security zone" in south Lebanon was seen by many observers as a victory for
Hizbullah. With the increasing effectiveness of Hizbullah's military wing's operations and the decreasing morale and forces on
the Israeli side, it was impossible for Israel to continue occupying south Lebanon. Israel could no longer afford the price it
had to pay to keep its "security zone."
"Hizbullah's
victory has given the Arab people hope and confidence. There is now a feeling that we can stand up for our rights," she
continued. .
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The Lebanese villagers could now smell the breeze of freedom without fearing Israeli
soldiers arresting their sons or killing their loved ones in front of their eyes. |
Fakhry
criticized the United Nations Security Council resolution 1559, which dealt with the Syrian presence in Lebanon. The aim of the
resolution, she argued, was to disarm the resistance forces. For her, the issuing of the resolution was the climax of US
interference in Lebanon and a continuation of US attempts to put Hizbullah under pressure.
She
maintains that Hizbullah is capable of enduring such a pressure. All the unfavorable circumstances, she said, would not affect
Hizbullah's steadfastness. "We are trying our best to find a common ground with all the Lebanese people. And we will not be
dragged into an internal conflict," she added.
Fakhry
explained that Hizbullah has signed a memorandum of understanding with the Michel Aoun's Free National Current, which represents
70 percent of Lebanese Christians. "On the Muslim level, we do our best to unite Muslim efforts," she added.
When
I asked her about the attempts to disarm the Islamic Resistance, Hizbullah's military wing, she answered, "Any discussions
about Hizbullah's military activities should be part of the process of forming a comprehensive defense system for Lebanon. It
should not be dealt with as a separate topic."
Fakhry
dismisses the suggestion of integrating Hizbullah's fighters into the Lebanese army. "It is an illogical solution. They
will just be a number in the army. The army as a whole does not have the ability to defend our southern border," she
explained.
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"Any discussions on Hizbullah's military activities should be part of the process of forming
a comprehensive defense system for Lebanon." |
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Fakrhy
holds the opinion that Hizbullah's unconventional forces were one of the reasons behind its victory. "We fight a guerilla
warfare, which gives us an advantage and makes us more efficient. The conventional army cannot defend Lebanon's southern
border," she added.
"We
would respond to the Israeli aggression in 1996 by launching missiles at northern occupied Palestine(1), and when the Israelis sent
their jets to destroy the missile launchers, they couldn't find them," she said.
In
1996, Israel carried out what it called the Grapes of Wrath Operation. During the military operation in which Israeli armor,
artillery, and bombers hammered the whole of south Lebanon, 102 civilians who took shelter in a UN peacekeeping compound in Qana
were shattered to pieces.
What
about the other Lebanese factions that are worried about Hizbullah having a military wing? Fakhry made the point that having
unconventional forces from other political forces is a possible solution and it is something that can be discussed. "It is
not a must to have guerrilla fighters only from Hizbullah to defend the southern border," she said.
Fakhry
made it clear that a decision was made on the leadership level that the Islamic resistance will respond to any Israeli attacks.
Responding
to a question about Shebaa farms, Fakhry said, "We have committed ourselves to liberating Shebaa farms, but the methods
depend on the conditions in the battlefield."
"Our
fighters have accurate information according to which they act. Every now and then we undertake an operation to remind the enemy
that we are here. We are not an army, and the farms will not be liberated overnight. Such things need time," she added,
commenting on the frequency of Hizbullah's military operations in Shebaa farms.
Fakhry
explained how Shebaa farms is different from the other liberated areas. "The facts on the ground play a big role. Unlike
the other parts of south Lebanon, Shebaa farms is an unpopulated area." Shebaa farms, according to Fakhry, have a strategic
importance: If Israel loses control over the area, it will be deprived of the strategic depth that Shebaa farms offer.
With
regard to the plot to assassinate Hizbullah's Secretary General Hassan Nasrullah, which was discovered by the Lebanese military
intelligence before it was carried out, she said, "We don't know much about this issue yet. The whole thing is in the hands
of the judiciary. We have gone through similar situations before; it's not the first assassination attempt."
It
is important to note that two of Hizbullah's former secretary generals, Ragheb Harb and Abbass al-Mousawi, were assassinated by
the Israelis in two separate incidents. Harb was assassinated in 1984, while Al-Mousawi was killed, together with his wife and
5-year-old child, by an Apache missile that was launched at his car in 1992.
Fakhry
fully understands the importance of the media in conveying the message of the movement to the outside world. "The media is
a very powerful weapon; therefore, it is one of our top priorities and we have several media outlets, but we have limited
resources," she explained.
On
my way back to the hotel, I thought about how the Lebanese villagers could now smell the breeze of freedom without fearing
Israeli soldiers arresting their sons and throwing them into torture centers or killing their loved ones in front of their eyes.
I looked at the faces of the residents of the modest neighborhood and I thought about the years of marginalization, war, and
suffering they had experienced.
On
the corner of the street, I saw a group of children playing with a ball, a mother holding her baby, and a couple of young girls
chatting. I thought about the men guarding the border, the blood spilled, and the huge price that had been paid to keep smiles
on those faces.
** Dina Abdel-Mageed is staff
writer for the Muslim Affairs section of IslamOnline.net. A graduate of the American University in Cairo, she holds a BA in political
science with a specialization in public and international law. You can reach her at
dina.abdelmageed@yahoo.com
(1) She refuses to use the word "Israel" because she considers it a form of recognition of a state established on an occupied land.