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South
African Muslims
Is Apartheid's Spirit Alive?
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By Yusuf Ahmed**
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Mar.
16, 2006
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We
live in a time when many South Africans are sincerely attempting
to shrug off the atrocities of the past in a spirit of
forgiveness.
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"We
must do something for the brothers and sisters in Soweto.1 We always
talk, but seldom act. We have to go," said my friend Shiraz. He
was right. We had always spoken of our expansive humanitarian
intentions but had never tangibly done anything of note.
The
final week of the month of Ramadan always seems to inspire a prick
in the conscience of many Muslims, young and old, the
"pious" and "impious." Every Muslim attempts to
maximize the blessings obtained in the month in the hope of
receiving divine forgiveness for past sins. Shiraz and I were no
different. We wanted to cash in on the month's lucrative heavenly
rewards; it would also be an additional bonus to get an insight into
the Soweto community while doing a little bit of charity work.
In
the company of the tiny community of believers, the bulk of whom had
modest homes sprinkled within an earshot of the Adhan (call to
prayer) of the Soweto Mosque, our morning was thoroughly enjoyable.
Talking to people, delivering our food parcels, and listening to
their stories certainly helped the stomach grumbles that came with
the scorching South African summer day of fasting.
The
last home we visited was the most memorable. It was the home of a
delightful, widowed sexagenarian who had recently embraced Islam.
Adorned with an affectionate smile, she spoke of her great hope for
South Africans to turn to Islam en masse. "If only my people
became aware of Islam, they would love it," she said. She had
made our day, although it was not over yet.
There
was a disturbing trend of new converts in Soweto whose early
passion for Islam is extinguished due to the treatment they
receive from Indians. |
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It
was time for the Zhuhr prayer (noon prayer). We took our seats in
the temporary, subsidiary section of the mosque. Muslims had to use
this small section of the mosque as a last-minute concoction after
white supremacists had — a few months earlier — bombed the main
prayer hall.
A
handful of South African Indian men huddled together in a corner of
the room, whispering to each other. They realized — via our
complexions — that we were outsiders. Their leader approached us.
He was a long-bearded man, wearing a short, shin-length pair of
trousers and a powder-blue kurta.2
"As-salaamu
alaikum, bhai,3 I'm the amir (leader) of the [Tablighi] Jamaat here
from Lenz.4 What are you two brothers doing here? Visiting?"
Shiraz
took up the diplomatic mantle and responded, "Wa alaikum as-salam,
uncle, we came to spend some time with the community. It's the end
of Ramadan and we want to help with some iftar (meal to break
the fast) parcels."
"Al-hamdu
lillah, that's good," he responded. "We came to do the
same. We come every year to this place ... We also come to teach the
six-points of tabligh and give these people proper da`wah to correct
their `aqeedah (beliefs)."
The
man reminded us that if we needed any help, he and his jamaat would
be glad to assist. We thanked him and assumed our position on the
colorful, but somewhat damp-smelling carpet of the mosque.
We
waited for what we assumed to be the start of the compulsory four
cycles of prayer. However, we found that the Soweto Muslims normally
attend a sermon before the noon prayers every Sunday, which usually
lasts around 20 minutes. The sermon was not too dissimilar to the
typical Friday sermon.
It
made a lot of sense to us. The congregation was relaxed and free
from the burden of work on Sundays. Those who were formerly
Christians were used to attending Sunday morning services anyway. It
was a pragmatic and intelligent solution to hold a talk at this time
of the week.
Roughly
45 percent of Muslims in South Africa are of Indian origin. |
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The
imam spent 20 minutes exploring the topic of racism. He spoke of the
extraordinary levels of discrimination faced by Black Muslims at the
hands of their Indian "brothers" who had been born into
Islam. He reminded us of Indian Muslim bosses physically abusing
their Black Muslim employees and the torturous working conditions
that have Black Muslims endure.
The
imam mentioned that there was a disturbing trend of new converts in
Soweto whose early passion for Islam is extinguished due to the
treatment they receive from Indians — it reached the extent that
some even forwent their commitment to the faith. He closed the talk
by urging for unity and assuring the Black community that there were
sincere Indians around who were welcoming and not hostile. He
implored all of us to strengthen the bonds of Islam under one
banner, particularly because it was the month of Ramadan.
The
talk certainly did not lack punch, and although our bellies were
crying out for nourishment, we definitely were not short of food for
thought. After the compulsory prayers were concluded, Shiraz and I
turned to each other and mulled over what we'd just heard. We were
impressed with the talk, yet saddened at the situation that befell
us all as Muslims.
I
looked ahead, half-optimistic about a utopian future,
half-disillusioned at the current situation. A powder-blue clad arm
entered my line of sight. An index-finger was viciously wagging. The
man's eyes were furious.
"That
bloody guy is the biggest bloody racialist around," he said.
The
wagging finger was directed at the imam who was a few feet ahead of
us. He continued, "The bloody bastard hates us Indians after
all we've done for them. We bring them food in Ramadan and this is
how they thank us! Look at him, his namaz (prayer) isn't even
counted!"
Our
eyes converged at the man in the powder-blue kurta, who was pointing
at the imam's trousers. The man had deemed the imam's prayer to be
invalid since his trousers were about an inch over his ankles.
The
powder-blue man stormed off to his crew, advising them that they
were to leave with immediate effect. Shiraz and I mirrored a
confused grin at each other. "This is South Africa," I
thought, "Oh dear! This is South Africa."
According
to Dr. Suleman Dangor, a professor at the University of Kwazulu-Natal,
roughly 45 percent of Muslims in South Africa are of Indian
origin. The Malay group, made of a medley of influences from Sri
Lanka, Indonesia, Malaysia, and mixtures with white settlers,
comprises the other sizeable majority, also representing around 45
percent of Muslims. The remaining 10 percent is a seriously inexact
approximation. But, one can find Black converts, as well as
immigrants from Rwanda, Mozambique, Malawi, Somalia, and many more
Muslims from African countries who were attracted by South Africa's
financial charm.
There
is a very small minority of Arab Muslims because the bulk of the
Lebanese community is Christian. White Converts are at a premium in
South Africa, but a tiny percentage does exist. Some of their gripes
with assimilation into the mainstream Indian and Malay communities
can be seen more as cultural hurdles that need to be overcome rather
than rampant discrimination.
Originally
brought to South Africa to work on the sugar cane fields on the East
Coast, South African Indians carved a niche over the generations as
astute businesspeople. They managed to become one of the most
financially secure communities in the country, which is a remarkable
tribute to human endeavor.
There
still lies a dark poisonous underbelly within the community
—racism.
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Riding
the storm of discrimination in the country's gloomy apartheid past,
South Africa's Indian Muslims can be proud of freedom fighters who
went through extreme adversity for the liberation of the country.
However, no matter how much the Pahad brothers, Dullah Omar, or
Ahmed Kathrada — just to name a few — achieved for the
multi-racial democracy that South Africa can boast at present, there
still lies a dark and poisonous underbelly within the community —
racism.
A
recent meeting with a neighbor in my apartment block was an
interesting example of this. He had moved into the building only
eight months ago, and when I queried what seemed to be a strange
decision to leave, he rolled his eyes and mentioned, with an ample
garnish of disgust, "Too much of that kind of people
here." I knew what he meant.
I
wondered whether he realized that he was living in Africa. I
pondered if he knew that he is part of the minority in this country,
and that that kind [blacks] is the majority. Perhaps he
needed to grasp the simple concept that if he had wanted to live in
a place loaded with Gujarati Indians, perhaps it would have been
wiser to move to Gujarat.
There
was also a fresh whirl of anger created in Muslim and non-Muslim
circles when it came to light that a local Indian Muslim shopkeeper
had severely abused his Black employees — Motlalentoa Hlalane and
his cousin Lebohang, who were both teenagers. The man — normally a
pillar of all things wholesome within the local Muslim community —
only served to reemphasize the notion that Indians exploit Blacks,
and use them as lackeys and pseudo-slaves, resulting in disastrous
detriment to public relations between the two racial groups.
We
live in a time when many South Africans — White, Black, Malay, and
Indian — are sincerely attempting to shrug off the atrocities of
the past in a spirit of forgiveness and compassion to build a new,
idyllic society. There are some among the South African Indian
community who are attached to the yo-yo condition of having an
inferiority complex in relation to whites, while they also feel
inherently superior to Blacks.
This
attitude must be abolished, and as the aphorism says, "Those
who don't change find themselves living in a world that no longer
exists." On that warm Sunday in Soweto, Shiraz and I saw the
ugly reality of our condition in people who seemingly had every
intention of doing good charitable work. That makes the paradox all
the more unpalatable.
**Yusuf
Ahmed is a freelance journalist based in South Africa.
1-
Soweto is an urban area in Johannesburg, its population is
predominantly black.
2-
A kurta is a traditional piece of clothing worn in India. It is a
loose shirt falling either just above or somewhere below the knees of
the wearer.
3-
The suffix bhai is often used by Indians as means of conveying
affection or respect for each other
4-
Lenasia is large Indian township south of Soweto in Gauteng Province,
South Africa. Lenasia is also popularly called Lenz.
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