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Invalidators of Fasting
1-Intentional
eating or drinking:
If
one eats due to forgetfulness, a mistake, or coercion, then he does
not have to make up the day later or perform any expiation. Abu Hurairah
reported that the Prophet said: “Whoever forgets he is fasting,
and eats or drinks is to complete his fast, as it was Allah who fed
him and gave him something to drink.” (Related by the group.)
Commenting on it, At-Tirmidhi says: “Most of the scholars act
according to this Hadith. It is the opinion of Sufyan Ath-Thauri, Ash-Shafi’i,
Ahmad, and Ishaq.”
Abu Hanifah reported that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon
him, said: “Whoever breaks his fast during Ramadan due to
forgetfulness is not to make up the day later or to perform any
expiation.” (Related by Ad-Daraqutni, Al-Baihaqi, and Al-Hakim,
who says that it is Authentic according to Muslim's criterion.)
Ibn `Abbas reported that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon
him, said: “Allah will not hold anyone of this nation responsible
for what is done in error, forgetfulness or under coercion.”
(Related by Ibn Majah, At-Tabarani, and Al-Hakim.)
2-Intentional
vomiting:
If
one is overcome and vomits unintentionally, he does not have to make
up the day later on or offer anything as an expiation. Abu Hurairah
reported that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said:
“Whoever is overcome and vomits is not to make up the day. Whoever
vomits intentionally must make up the day.” (Related by Ahmad, Abu
Dawud, At-Tirmidhi, Ibn Majah, Ibn Hibban, Ad-Daraqutni, and
Al-Hakim.) If one vomits unintentionally he is not in need of
making up the day, while one who vomits intentionally must make up
the day later."
3-
The menses and post-childbirth bleeding:
Even
if such bleeding begins just before the sunset, the fast of that day
is rendered void and the day must be made up. There is a consensus
of scholars on this point.
4-
Ejaculation of sperm:
Ejaculation
voids the fast even if it was just due to kissing, hugging, or
masturbation, and the day must be made up. If the ejaculation was
due to looking at or thinking about something, then it is like
having a wet dream during the day and it, therefore, does not void
the fast nor is there any requirement on the person.
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