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Sudan Foes Pledge Peace, UN Adopts Resolution

Sudanese First Vice President ( R ) and SPLM leader shake hands during UN Security Council meeting in Nairobi

NAIROBI, November 19 (IslalmOnline.net & News Agencies) – The Sudanese government and southern rebels have signed Friday, November 19, an agreement pledging to reach a final peace deal by the end of the year, as the UN security council adopted the resolution they agreed on Thursday.

The Khartoum government and the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement (SPLM) signed the agreement during the UN Security Council session in Nairobi, the first to be held outside its New York headquarters in 14 years, Agence France Presse (AFP) reported.

John Danforth, the council president and a former US peace envoy to Sudan, said the promised deal was the only chance of rebuilding Africa's biggest country.

The Security Council ambassadors then passed a resolution offering aid and assistance if the two sides live up to their promise.

The peace pledge was signed by a Sudanese government official and a SPLM representative, witnessed by UN Security Council ambassadors.

Addressing the Council meeting Thursday, SPLM leader John Garang said he was committed to the new year-end deadline.

“I see no reason, no serious obstacle, that would prevent us from signing the final peace agreement by the end of this year 2004,” he said.

On May 26, the two parties signed three crucial protocols on power-sharing and the administration of three disputed regions.

UN Resolution

Meanwhile, the resolution adopted unanimously by UN Security Council members meeting in Kenya is seen as a huge push for restoring peace in the war-torn Sudan.

Security Council resolution 1574 specifically urges the Khartoum government and southern rebel Sudan People's Liberation Movement/Army (SPLM/A) to make good on their peace pledge signed Friday.

It dangles the prospect of massive development aid if a deal is struck, and suggests its signing would help bring peace to other areas of Sudan, notably the western region of Darfur, where a separate conflict has spawned what the UN terms the world's worst humanitarian crisis.

It also demanded that government and rebel forces in Darfur, where war erupted in February 2003 “cease all violence and attacks, including abduction and refrain from forcible relocation of civilians.”

“The parties recommend themselves to finalize and conclude a comprehensive peace agreement in recognition that prompt completion of the peace process is essential for all the people of the Sudan as it will help in resolving all challenges facing the country,” the draft resolution says.

Danforth described the UN resolution as “good” and “balanced”.

“I think it is a good balanced resolution... It is one that clearly recognizes the tragedy of Darfur and the fact that we have already passed two resolutions on this subject.”

Last month, the UN Security Council adopted a US-drafted resolution threatening Sudan with oil sanctions if it failed to restore order in Darfur.

Too Weak

Sudanese refugees in Kenya demonstrate outside the UN compound

The resolution, however, drew severe rebukes from international aid organizations and Sudanese refugees, describing it as “weak”.

International aid agency Oxfam damned the resolution as “weak” and “dithering”.

“Instead of responding to the ongoing crisis in Darfur with concrete action, the Security Council could only agree to 'monitor compliance' with previous resolutions,” Oxfam said in a statement.

“For the people of Darfur, 'monitoring compliance' has become UN speak for more death and suffering,” the statement added.

The Human Rights Watch (HRW) also said the UN Security council “appears to have watered down its previous threats to hold the Khartoum government accountable for the continuing human rights abuses in Darfur”.

The New York-based group also lamented that the text weakened the threat of possible future international action against Khartoum.

“We fear that the government of Sudan will take this resolution as a blank cheque to continue its persecution of the civilian population in Darfur,” HRW's Sudan researcher Jereman Rone said.

A few dozen Sudanese refugees including children also protested outside the UN compound in Nairobi Friday against the resolution, branding it “weak” and fails to halt what they branded “human rights violations in Darfur”.

“That was a terribly weak resolution,” protested John Lasu, one of the demonstrators, according to AFP.

“It will do nothing to make Khartoum heed the international cry to stop fighting in Darfur,” Lasu added.

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