SARAJEVO,
July 11 (IslamOnline.net & News Agencies) - Thousands of Bosnian
Muslims are to attend a funeral service in Srebrenica Friday, July 11,
to finally lay to rest some 300 victims of a 1995 massacre in the town,
marking the anniversary of the worst atrocity in Europe since World War
II.
The
anniversary comes as eight years after the Srebrenica massacre passed
and the U.N. court has sentenced only two people over Europe's worst
single atrocity since World War II, while those thought ultimately
responsible are still at large.
Up
to 20,000 people, according to the organizers, are to attend the
commemoration and joint funeral for 282 victims - a small group of the
many thousands found in numerous mass graves dug up after Bosnia's
bloody 1992-1995 ethnic war.
"The
grave in Srebrenica will be the only thing I have left from my
son," Husein Pitarevic told Agence France-Presse (AFP) while
preparing to leave the Bosnian capital Sarajevo for Srebrenica, where
his son Adnan, killed at 14, will be interred.
Pitarevic,
who is still living as a displaced person in Sarajevo, said he would
like to follow his dead son's body and also return to Srebrenica despite
fearing a return to the Serb-controlled part of the country in the east.
Bosnian
Serb Prime Minister Dragan Mikerevic has also announced his intention to
participate. He will be the first premier of Bosnia's Serb-run entity,
which makes up the state along with the Muslim-Croat Federation, to
attend the commemoration.
Some
7,000 Muslim men and boys are believed to have been summarily executed
in just a few days in July 1995 when Serb forces overran the eastern
enclave, then under the protection of Dutch U.N. soldiers.
The
victims, who will be buried at a new memorial cemetery located at the
site of the slaughter just outside town limits, were aged between 14 and
75 and were found in some of the more than 60 mass graves which have
been excavated.
The
first 600 bodies, identified by DNA analysis, were buried in the new
cemetery earlier this year. But more than 5,000 body bags filled with
human bones are still awaiting identification and have been stored in
morgues in the northern town of Tuzla, and Visoko near Sarajevo.
Only
a small fraction of the town's 27,000-strong pre-war Muslim population
have returned to their homes in Srebenica, where they are often the
target of verbal harassment by Serbs.
The
International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia has sentenced
Radoslav Krstic, the Bosnian Serb general who led the attack on
Srebrenica, to 46 years in prison.
The
massacre at Srebrenica is one of the key charges laid against fugitive
Bosnian Serb wartime leader Radovan Karadzic and his army commander
Ratko Mladic, while former Yugoslav president Slobodan Milosevic is also
on trial in The Hague for genocide and war crimes relating to the
incident.
The
United Nations, which had deployed troops in Bosnia during the war, has
admitted partial responsibility for the Srebrenica tragedy, saying it
had played too passive a role in the conflict.
Last
year, the entire Dutch government was forced to resign after a report
laid part of the blame for the atrocity on the Dutch authorities.
Under
a peace accord that ended the bloodshed in Bosnia, the country was split
into two highly-autonomous entities -- the Serbs' Republika Srpska and
the Muslim-Croat Federation.
Eight
Years On, Only 2 Sentenced
The
eighth anniversary come as the U.N. court has sentenced only two people
over the massacring of 7,000 Muslims, while those thought ultimately
responsible are still at large.
Wartime
Bosnian Serb leader Radovan Karadzic and his military commander Ratko
Mladic are the tribunal's most wanted fugitives, charged with genocide
for the 1995 massacre and the campaign of ethnic cleansing of non-Serbs
during the Bosnian war.
Former
Yugoslav leader Slobodan Milosevic is also on trial for war crimes and
crimes against humanity for his role in the bloody wars in Bosnia,
Croatia and Kosovo of the 1990s, including the Srebrenica attack.
Meanwhile,
a senior Serbian police official said Thursday, July 10, that Mladic
disappeared from Serbia a year ago after losing the support of his
protectors in the Yugoslav army.
"He
had been under direct army protection for a long time," said the
official, asking to remain anonymous, on the eve of the anniversary of
the 1995 Srebrenica massacre for which Mladic has been indicted
by an international war crimes court.
"He
stayed in army buildings and appeared in public at least once a week
with a strong army escort," the official told AFP.
"Police
did not want to try to arrest him as long as he had strong army
protection. We did not want clash with the army," the official
said.
"But
when the army denied him further protection about a year ago, Mladic
left Serbia," the source said.
In
July 1995, Bosnian Serb troops led by Mladic overran Srebrenica, a U.N.
declared safe haven in eastern Bosnia protected by Dutch peacekeepers.
After they captured the town the Serbs are believed to have summarily
executed more than 7,000 Muslim men and boys in the bloodiest episode of
the 1992-95 war.
So
far the U.N. war crimes court in The Hague has only sentenced two people
for the slaughter out of 14 indictees: the general who led the attack,
Radislav Krstic, and a former soldier in the Bosnian Serb forces, Drazen
Erdemovic.
Krstic
was convicted in August 2001 of genocide and sentenced to 46 years in
jail in a verdict that marked the first time the International Court for
the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) recognized that genocide had taken place in
Bosnia.
Both
the prosecution and the defense have appealed the ruling, and the case
is expected to be heard towards the end of the year.
Despite
the slow progress in securing convictions, prosecutors and Srebrenica
survivors say guilty pleas made by two suspects convicted in May
represent a major step forward.
Two
Bosnian Serb officers, Momir Nikolic and Dragan Obrenovic, have admitted
taking part in the "widespread and systematic" attack on the
civilian population, saying it was "because the victims were
Muslims".
They
are both awaiting legal punishment.
"It
is the first time the actors in the tragedy are saying exactly what
happened and their testimony confirmed the careful planning of
massacres," tribunal spokesman Christian Chartier told AFP.
The
confessions are important not only to establish the truth but also to
combat revisionism and denial in the region, survivors say.
"Because
of these people who pleaded guilty no one will ever be able to say again
that this did not happen, that is what matters to me," said Bosnian
journalist and Srebrenica survivor Emir Suljagic.
"The
crime base has become irrefutable," said Jean Daniel Ruch,
political advisor to chief war crimes prosecutor Carla Del Ponte, adding
that the testimony of the two who confessed would be key in ongoing and
future trials over Srebrenica.
Two
Bosnian Serb officers have been on trial at The Hague since May accused
of organizing and carrying out the killings and concealing the evidence.
Vidoje Blagojevic is charged with genocide and Dragan Jokic with war
crimes and crimes against humanity. Both deny the charges.
Aside
from Karadzic and Mladic, five former Bosnian Serb officers indicted
over Srebrenica are still on the run. Ljubisa Beara, Ljubomir
Borovcanin, Drago Nikolic, Vinko Pandurevic and Vujadin Popovic all face
charges of genocide.
Srebrenica
is also an important part of the mammoth trial of Milosevic, who faces a
charge of genocide over the Bosnian Serb campaign of ethnic cleansing in
addition to over 60 charges of war crimes and crimes against humanity.
Legal
experts say it will be difficult to prove Milosevic had a direct
influence on Bosnian Serb troops in Srebrenica. The trial has not dealt
with the massacre in depth yet but Milosevic has repeatedly denied he
knew what was happening at the time.