With
flawless British accents, four conservative-looking British Muslims set about
explaining their own nazra (Arabic for "vision") on issues
related to their own community in the United Kingdom. The panel entitled
"Islam in the West" was part of the Nazra Festival organized by the
British Embassy (31 January to 12 February 2006). Sometimes explanatory and more
than often exploratory, the delegates began debating and responding to questions
related to their ethnicity, feelings of belonging, and troubles back
"home."
Integrate
or Go Home
In
a time when the European Muslim community is being accused of lack of
integration within their local communities and of upholding a "ghetto"
culture, the delegation emphasized their affiliations with the local UK
community.
"When
someone tells me to go home, I tell them that Manchester is my home," said
Waqqas Khan, president of the Federation of Student Islamic Societies and former
president of the Manchester University Islamic Society. "I don’t feel
like I need integration. I'd rather be tried in a court in the UK rather than by
the Karachi cops in Pakistan, and that's a fact," he said.
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Samia
Rahman a London based journalist and a member of the British Muslim
delegation |
Samia
Rahman, a London-based journalist and founder and deputy editor of Muslim
lifestyle magazine Emel, said that there is an untold story of successful
British Muslims.
"Muslims
are an integral part of society with many contributions to British
society," she said, adding that historically, though, Muslims in the UK
haven't been as politically engaged, but that there's a reengagement from the
fringes
to the center of society. "What we're seeing today is an opportunity to
represent Islam and to let people know. In Emel, we celebrate Muslims in
the UK as people who have the same aspirations as anyone else," she said.
An
examples of Muslims reaching out to the community is the Islam Awareness Week,
an annual event held in the UK, Rahman explained. "We invited non-Muslims
into our mosques to see that the imams are not really preaching "death to
the west." "We want them to become familiar of what it means to be a
Muslim in the UK," she said.
Fareena
Alam, managing editor of Q-News, a leading British Muslim current-affairs
publication, said that it's important to note that Muslims have only been in the
UK for 50 to 60 years, which is a very short time." There's a misconception
that all Muslims live in the ghettos. When my parents came to the UK, it was a
daunting experience for them. So they went straight to the area where there are
many Bengalis," she said.
Intergenerational
Conflicts
It
was tempting to ask the panelists, all of whom are second generation Muslims
from the UK, what it was like between themselves and their parents. What kind of
issues do they find conflict in?
One
of the examples highlighted by Abdel Rahman Helbawi, founder and managing
director of Dome Tours International, a company specializing in Islamic tours,
was what happens during Ramadan between different generatiosn. "When we
want to know if the moon has been sighted for Ramadan or Eid, my parents first
reaction is to switch on Al-Jazeera to see what they're doing in Egypt. However,
my first reaction is to contact the Islamic centers in the UK, whom I know all
have committees that sight the moon," he said.
Rahman
said that the differences between the generations could also stem from the shift
away from ethnic culture and dress. "Abandoning the 'shalwar kamees,'
[Pakistani attire] for example, for a long skirt and shirt is somewhat shocking
for older generations," she said.
Alam
felt grateful towards the first generation Muslims in the UK. "When they
came here, they were concerned with having a mosque to pray in, and of
establishing a Muslim community. We live off the effort that they've put in.
Being different within the community, having different sects and doing things
differently makes us stronger. It would be very dull if were to agree on
everything," she said.
She
added that the conflicts between the first and second generations are typical of
the conflicts prevalent in any culture. "Parents want you to marry someone
else, they won't let you stay out late, they want you to be a doctor and you
want to be an artist. Just typical conflicts," she said.
The
Media and the Problems of Misrepresentation
While
Helbawi said that the media represents extremist views of Muslims and sheds a
negative light on them, Alam presented another side of the dilemma which is what
she calls the "burden of representation." "Each morning I wake up
and feel that burden, which I wish I didn't have to do. I, like all others in
the country, have to work and pay rent and have an additional job to do which is
representing Islam," she said.
Khan
said that he feels that there are a lot generalizations. "Everyone in the
west is this way or the other. In the new age we have people who cross over in
any place. Furthermore, I don’t believe that the media has an agenda against
Islam. It has one purpose alone and that is to sell sensational stories."
Also
on the panel was Hussein Amin, professor and chair of the department of
Journalism and Mass Communication at the American University in Cairo. Amin
asserted that both sides, the west and the Arab world, tend to engage in a game
of misrepresentation." As much as there's misrepresentation of Muslims and
Arabs in the western media, there's also a high degree of ignorance about
Christianity and Judaism. We're doing the same mistakes," he said.
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"
There's a misconception that all Muslims live in the ghettos",
Fareena Alam said |
Amin
then set about drawing parallel misconceptions on both sides. "They project
us as terrorists and bloodthirsty killers, we represent them as cowboys. They
represent Arab women as sex objects and we represent western women as whores.
The west says that we're alienated and we say that they're in a society which is
decaying. They present us as a culture of weird family ties and we say that they
have no family ties," he said.
There
is a need, he stressed, to correct this kind of imaging because we live in a
global society. "The media is very powerful and it is time to fix it,"
he said.
There's
an estimated 1.6 million Muslims living in the UK, and approximately 50 percent
of them are British born. The largest migration of Muslim communities began in
the 1950s, coming mainly from rural areas in South Asia. The largest
concentrations of Muslims in the UK are in London, Manchester, Birmingham, and
Bradford. The Muslim Council of Britain (MCB) was established in 1997 and
promotes consultation, cooperation, and coordination on Muslim affairs in
Britain.
**Lamya
Tawfik is a freelance journalist and a
journalism instructor based in Cairo, Egypt. She is pursuing a doctorate degree
at the Institute for Postgraduate Studies in Childhood at Ain Shams University.
She can be reached at lamyatawfik@islamonline.net.